Climate change in the Indo-Pacific basin from mid- to late Holocene

Changes in climate mean state profoundly impact variability. Here, we quantify slow changes the induced by variations Earth’s orbit from mid- to late Holocene, and their feedback on main modes of We focus Indo-Pacific system show that mid-Holocene conditions favored dominance an equatorial dipole mode Indian Ocean (IO), independent El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) different IO Dipole (IOD) observed today. Mean a gradual shift basin along with IOD modulates most variance at present. The evolution connectivity are investigated over 6000 years using complex network methodology principal component analysis. To uncover causal link between constantly evolving such variability consider two analyses. First, explore quantifying departure 500-year annual snapshots averaged mid-Holocene. Second, leverage ideas dynamical theory characterize nature Indo-Pacifc transition, space representation, accounting for its spatiotemporal multivariable dependency. analysis reveals strengthening Walker circulation, driven enhanced convection central Pacific weakening Asian monsoon, set stage both basins.